Anaphylaxis is a particular type of allergic reaction. It is defined in various ways. One of the results of having this reaction may be shortness of breath, or dyspnea. It may lead to death in up to one percent of people who go through it.

Symptoms

There are various symptoms that may appear when a person goes through anaphylaxis. The type of symptom most commonly noted is that which involves the skin. Within that category, the person may itch. Urticaria, or hives, may also show up on the skin. Flushing can occur. Swelling in various areas is possible. The second most common category is respiratory symptoms. Dyspnea is one item that may occur in this area. Wheezing may also be experienced.

Another area that can be affected by an anaphylactic reaction is the gastrointestinal system. For instance, diarrhea may affect the person. Abdominal discomfort might show up. Cardiovascular symptoms can also occur, one of which is having a heart attack. Even the central nervous system may be impacted. For instance, the individual may go unconscious.

Causes

Exposure to allergens can lead to anaphylaxis. One group which frequently causes this reaction is food. Some people will have such a reaction to wheat. Others may be affected by shellfish. Peanuts can bring on anaphylaxis in some individuals. These are just a few of the food items that might cause a reaction.

Some people may have the risk of having an anaphylactic reaction to a particular medication (or multiple ones). Bites and stings from some insects may also lead to this, due to the venom. Latex is another item that is relatively frequent as a trigger.

Diagnosis

Specific criteria are used in the diagnostic process. In some cases, a blood test may be done to look for tryptase. However, even if the the level of this is not elevated, anaphylaxis may still be occurring. Separately, there may be attempts to diagnose the particular allergy that the person has which led to the reaction.

Treatment

When a person has anaphylaxis, it is a medical emergency. Qualified personnel who attend to the individual are to provide the proper treatment. After a patient has become well, he often stays in the hospital for some time (generally, up to a full day). This is because there may be a second phase to the reaction.