Hyperthyroidism is a medical condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. These two hormones are known as T3 and T4 for short, or in their full names as triiodothyronine and thyroxine. This condition is also known as an overactive thyroid.

Symptoms

One of the potential hypothyroidism symptoms is dyspnea, but there are also many others. In some cases, the condition is without symptoms. Those that are known to possibly show up are quite varied in their natures. For instance, weight loss may occur, despite the fact that in some such instances appetite is increased. General weakness and fatigue may be present. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, may affect the patient. Heart palpitations, a rapid heart beat, and arrhythmias can occur. Muscle pain may also be experienced by the patient. These are only some of the possible symptoms.

Causes

There are various possible causes of hyperthyroidism. When the whole gland is producing extra hormones, the condition is called Graves' disease. A hot nodule is used to refer to a situation where only one nodule is producing extra. When the thyroid is inflamed it is known as thyroiditis, and this can also lead to an overactive thyroid.

Diagnosis

A medical professional, such as a doctor, is involved in the process of diagnosing a case of hyperthyroidism. Often, a measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is taken. In many cases, a low level of TSH indicates that the pituitary gland has been held back due to the detection of extra T3 and/or T4 in the blood. However, it can be brought on by another reason, so checking T3 and T4 levels is also useful. Other tests may also be administered.

Treatment

The method of treatment used is determined by a medical professional. Don't try to base a treatment method off of what you read on this website. In general, treatment begins with a temporary use of antithyroid medication. Surgery or radioisotope therapy may follow. It is possible for any of these treatment options to lead to low thyroid function.

Complications

Thyroid storm may rarely occur as a complication of hyperthyroidism. Although it is not a common issue, it is life-threatening and requires emergency treatment. Additionally, low thyroid function (hypothyroidism) may result as a complication of hyperthyroidism.